F11 User Guide - Media: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:05, 11 April 2009

Media Basics

When you insert or connect a medium, such as a CD, DVD, hard drive, or flash drive, to your computer, Fedora automatically recognizes and makes it available for use. An icon is placed on your desktop and in the Places menu in GNOME. On the KDE desktop an icon is placed in the bottom panel next to the workspace switcher, and in the Kickoff Application Launcher > File Manager, the medium's icon is on the left of the file display window.

In GNOME you should unmount the medium before removing it from the computer. To do this, right-click on the device's icon and then select Unmount Volume or Eject, depending on what type of media you are using; during this process any remaining changes to the data on the media is written to the device, allowing safe removal without data loss. Removing the medium without unmounting it first could cause data to be corrupted; if this is the case, you will not be able to get your data back in the future.

There are several multi-media applications available for GNOME and KDE desktops. These applications will run in either Fedora desktop environment. To install software packages not already installed, please read the chapter on managing software. You can install applications by either using the PackageKit application or on the command line by using Yum.

To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.

ISO Image

An ISO image is an archive file, also known as a disk image of an optical disc, in a format defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Iso image files typically have an .iso extension. The name iso is taken from the ISO 9660 file system used with CD-ROM media, but an iso image can also contain Universal Disk Format (UDF) file system because UDF is backward-compatible with ISO 9660. an ISO image includes all the data of files contained on the archived CD/DVD. They are stored in an uncompressed format.

In addition to data of the files it also contains all the file system metadata, including boot code, structures, and attributes. ISO images do not support multi-track, thus they cannot be used for audio CDs, VCD, and hybrid audio CDs.

Writing CDs or DVDs

Fedora includes support for writing to CDs and DVDs. This means that you can permanently burn files to the CD/DVD for backup, file transport, or any other reason.

Required Hardware
Not all optical drives (CD or DVD drives) are equipped to burn new media. An easy way to check whether that you can burn optical media is to look at the front of your disc drive. It should indicate the drive's capabilities. You can also look up the model of your drive online. An even easier way is to simply try burning a disc; chances are, if you can't select the option for burning discs, it's not a problem with Fedora; your drive simply does not support this operation.

Using CD/DVD Creator to Burn Media in GNOME

CD/DVD Creator burns CDs and DVDs.

To open Select Places > CD/DVD Creator.

To create a data disc:

Drag the files and folders, that you want to write to CD or DVD, to the CD/DVD Creator folder.
Insert a writeable CD or DVD into your writer device. Doing this step first usually opens the CD/DVD Creator automatically. If not, you can configure the CD/DVD Creator to open automatically by going to System > Preferences > Hardware > Multimedia Systems Selector > and on the Audio and Video tabs select Autodetect from the drop-down menu.
Click the [Write to Disc] button, or choose File > Write to CD/DVD.

Here you can choose write to your CD/DVD or to a File Image. An image file (ISO) is a normal file that will be saved to your computer and you can write to a CD later.

To write a disc image to a CD/DVD, right-click on the Disc Image File, then choose Open with CD/DVD Creator from the popup menu. When you burn a a disc image the Disc name and Write speed are not available.

If you are copying regular data you can type a name for your CD/DVD in the Disc name window and select a Write speed from the drop-down under Write Options. You will also see the size of your data that will be written to the disc.

Press the [Write] button to burn your data to the CD/DVD.

To make a copy of a CD or DVD:

Insert the disc you want to copy.
Choose Places > CD/DVD Creator from the top panel menu bar.
Right-click on the CD icon, and choose Copy Disc.
Follow the Write to Disc dialogue as above.

If you have only one write drive the program will first create a file on your computer. The original disk will be ejected, and ask you to change it for a blank disk to copy on.

The Help manual can be accessed by pressing the [F1] key or clicking Help > Contents on the top menu bar.

Using K3b to Burn Media in KDE

K3b is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install K3b. After you install K3b, using one of the methods described above, launch the program by clicking the Kickoff Application Launcher > Applications > Multimedia > K3b. When the application opens the action buttons are displayed at the bottom of the window:

File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3baudiocd.png	To create a New Audio CD Project
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3bdatacd.png	To create a New Data CD Project
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3bdatadvd.png	To create a New Data DVD Project
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3bcopycd.png	To Copy a CD

Adding Files
To add files to your K3b project, drag the files into the project pane at the bottom of the screen. Everything in this project pane will be burned to your optical medium.

When you are ready to burn the files or folders to disk click the [Burn] button.
To burn an ISO image file, use the Tools > Burn DVD ISO Image.
Navigate to and select the .iso image, then click the [Start] button.

Using GnomeBaker in Gnome

GnomeBaker is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install GnomeBaker. Launch the program by clicking Applications > Sound and Video > GnomeBaker.

In GnomeBaker there are three primary 3 buttons in the bottom pane of the programs window:

File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-data-dvd.png	Data DVD Use this to burn files and folders to a DVD .
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-data-cd.png	Data CD Use this to burn files and folders to a CD.
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-audio-cd.png	Audio CD Use this to create an audio CD.

To burn a specific file to a CD, or DVD, click the Data CD, or Data DVD, action button, and then drag and drop the files, or entire folders, from the top pane into the bottom pane. You can also highlight the files, or folders, and click the [+Add] button to add them to the window.
To burn an ISO image file select Tools > Burn DVD Image from the top menu.

If the .iso file is for a CD, choose Burn CD Image.
Navigate to the image, select it, and click the OK button.
Click the [Start] button in the next window to confirm burning your disc image.

Follow these steps to create an Audio CD.

Making USB Media

A Live image (.iso) can be used in either a Windows or Linux system to make bootable USB media.

USB Image Writing is Non-destructive
Any existing data on the media is not harmed. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.

Unusual USB Media
In a few cases with oddly formatted or partitioned USB media, the image writing may fail.

USB Image Creation in Windows

Download the Windows liveusb-creator program at http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator.
Follow the instructions given at the site and in the liveusb-creator program to create the bootable USB media.

To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.

USB media often comes in the form of flash devices sometimes called pen drives, thumb disks, or keys; or as an externally connected hard disk device. Almost all media of this type is formatted as a vfat file system. You can create bootable USB media on media formatted as ext2, ext3, or vfat.

USB Image Creation in Fedora

You can install liveusb-creater by clicking on System > Administration > Add/Remove Software, then search for liveusb-creator, and install. Or you can install the application from Terminal with the following command:

# yum install liveusb-creator

To open liveusb-creator click on Applications > System Tools > liveusb-creator.

Enter your password.
You have the option to Use existing Live CD, which allows you to choose an .iso file from your computer, or Download Fedora where you can choose a file from the drop-down menu.
You can select your Target Device, such as your USB memory stick, to write the file to.
The application also has an option to select how much Persistent Storage you want.
After you have made all of your choices just press the [Create Live USB] button to start the process.

Visit the liveusb-creater web page for more information.

Another option to create a USB Image is:

Advanced Usage
This content is written for the more advanced user. It assumes that you are comfortable with the command line and have a relatively good knowledge of Linux terminology. It is probably not necessary to using Fedora as a desktop user, but can help a desktop user expand his or her knowledge base and face more complicated troubleshooting issues.

Install the livecd-tools package on your system with the following command:

 su -c 'yum -y install livecd-tools'

Plug in your USB media.

Find the device name for your USB media. If the media has a volume name, look up the name in /dev/disk/by-label, or use the findfs:

su -c 'findfs LABEL="MyLabel"'

If the media does not have a volume name, or you do not know it, consult the /var/log/messages log for details:

su -c 'less /var/log/messages'

Use the livecd-iso-to-disk command to write the ISO image to the media:

su -c 'livecd-iso-to-disk the_image.iso /dev/sdX1'

Replace sdX1 with the device name for the partition on the USB media. Most flash drives and external hard disks use only one partition. If you have changed this behavior or have oddly partitioned media, you may need to consult other sources of help.

Previous Page - Tour of the Xfce Desktop

Table of Contents

Next Page - Connecting to the Internet

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 [[Category:User Guide]]
-This chapter introduces the Xfce desktop in Fedora. It is easier to explain how to use the desktop after explaining some of the common terminology used with the Xfce desktop.
+== Media Basics ==
+When you insert or connect a ''medium,'' such as a CD, DVD, hard drive, or flash drive, to your computer, Fedora automatically recognizes and makes it available for use.  An icon is placed on your desktop and in the ''Places'' menu in '''GNOME'''.  On the '''KDE''' desktop an icon is placed in the bottom panel next to the ''workspace switcher'', and in the ''Kickoff Application Launcher > File Manager,'' the medium's icon is on the left of the ''file display window''.
-== The Xfce Desktop ==
+In '''GNOME''' you should ''unmount'' the medium before removing it from the computer.  To do this, right-click on the device's icon and then select ''Unmount Volume'' or ''Eject'', depending on what type of media you are using; during this process any remaining changes to the data on the media is ''written'' to the device, allowing safe removal without data loss. Removing the medium without unmounting it first could cause data to be corrupted; if this is the case, you will not be able to get your data back in the future.
-One common reason for using the Xfce desktop is to provide a feature-rich desktop environment for a desktop computer or a laptop with limited memory.
+There are several multi-media applications available for '''GNOME''' and '''KDE''' desktops.  These applications will run in either Fedora desktop environment.   To install software packages not already installed, please read [[User Guide - Managing Software|the chapter on managing software]].  You can install applications by either [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software|using the PackageKit application]] or on the command line by [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software 2|using Yum]].
-If you wish, you can skip this section and go directly to the [[Docs/Drafts/DesktopUserGuide/Tour| Tour of the GNOME Desktop]]  or the [[Docs/Drafts/DesktopUserGuide/KdeDesktop| Tour of the KDE Desktop]]
+To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.
-{{Anchor|default-desktop-png}}
-<!--[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_Fedora7Desktop1.png]]-->
-The Xfce desktop has three distinct areas. From top to bottom, the areas are:
-* The ''window list panel''
-* The ''desktop area''
-* The ''menu panel''
-The layout and location of these items can be customized, but the term used for each of them remains the same.
+== ISO Image ==
+An '''ISO image''' is an archive file, also known as a ''disk image'' of an ''optical disc,'' in a format defined by the ''International Organization for Standardization <code>(ISO)</code>''.  <code>Iso</code> image files typically have an <code>.iso</code> extension.  The name ''<code>iso</code>'' is taken from the ''<code>ISO</code> 9660 file system'' used with CD-ROM media, but an <code>iso</code> image can also contain ''Universal Disk Format (UDF)'' file system because ''UDF'' is backward-compatible with <code>ISO</code> 9660.
+an <code>ISO</code> image includes all the data of files contained on the archived CD/DVD. They are stored in an uncompressed format.
-The window list panel is located at the top of the screen. It features the ''Show Desktop'' icon, displays the running applications as buttons, and gives access to the workplace switcher and the trash.
+In addition to data of the files it also contains all the file system ''metadata'', including ''boot code, structures,'' and ''attributes.'' '''ISO''' images do not support ''multi-track'', thus they cannot be used for audio CDs, VCD, and hybrid audio CDs.
-The desktop area is the large space between the two panels. The ''Filesystem'', ''Home Directory'', and ''Trash'' icons are located in the top left corner of this area; users more familiar with Microsoft Windows may equate these icons to the ''My Computer'', ''My Documents'', and ''Recycle Bin'' respectively.
+== Writing CDs or DVDs ==
+Fedora includes support for writing to CDs and DVDs. This means that you can permanently ''burn'' files to the CD/DVD for backup, file transport, or any other reason.
+{{Admon/note | Required Hardware | Not all optical drives (CD or DVD drives) are equipped to burn new media. An easy way to check whether that you can burn optical media is to look at the front of your disc drive. It should indicate the drive's capabilities. You can also look up the model of your drive online. An even easier way is to simply try burning a disc; chances are, if you can't select the option for burning discs, it's not a problem with Fedora; your drive simply does not support this operation. }}
-The menu panel is located at the bottom of the screen. On the left part of the panel it contains a number of default icons that start software applications and, on the right, also provides a clock, fast user switching, volume control applet and a notification area.
+=== Using '''CD/DVD Creator''' to Burn Media in GNOME ===
-The following sections discuss the Xfce menu panel, desktop area, and window list panel in further detail.
+[[Image:Cd-dvd-creator.png]] '''CD/DVD Creator''' burns CDs and DVDs.
-== The Xfce Menu Panel ==
+# To open Select ''Places > CD/DVD Creator''.
-[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_f8menupanelxfce.png]]
+'''To create a data disc:'''
+* Drag the files and folders, that you want to write to CD or DVD, to  the '''CD/DVD Creator''' folder.
+* Insert a writeable CD or DVD into your writer device. Doing this step first usually opens the ''CD/DVD Creator'' automatically.  If not, you can configure the ''CD/DVD Creator'' to open automatically by going to ''System > Preferences > Hardware > Multimedia Systems Selector > ''and on the ''Audio'' and ''Video'' tabs select ''Autodetect'' from the drop-down menu.
+* Click the '''''[Write to Disc]''''' button, or choose ''File > Write to CD/DVD.''
+:* Here you can choose write to your ''CD/DVD'' or to a ''File Image''. An image file ('''ISO''') is a normal file that will be saved to your computer and you can write to a CD later.
+::* To write a '''''disc image''''' to a CD/DVD, right-click on the '''''Disc Image File''''', then choose ''Open with '''CD/DVD Creator''''' from the popup menu. When you burn a a ''disc image'' the ''Disc name'' and ''Write speed'' are not available.
+:* If you are copying regular data you can type a name for your CD/DVD in the ''Disc name'' window and select a ''Write speed'' from the drop-down under ''Write Options''.  You will also see the size of your data that will be written to the disc.
+* Press the '''''[Write]''''' button to burn your data to the CD/DVD.
+'''To make a copy of a CD or DVD:'''
+* Insert the disc you want to copy.
+* Choose ''Places  > '''CD/DVD Creator''''' from the top panel menu bar.
+* Right-click on the ''CD'' icon, and choose ''Copy Disc.''
+* Follow the ''Write to Disc'' dialogue as above.
-This panel contains a number of ''launchers'' for common software. To customize its appearance, right-click on the panel and select ''Properties''.
+If you have only one write drive the program will first create a file on your computer. The original disk will be ejected, and ask you to change it for a blank disk to copy on.
+The ''Help'' manual can be accessed by pressing the '''[F1]''' key or clicking ''Help > Contents'' on the top menu bar.
+=== Using K3b to Burn Media in KDE ===
+[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3b.png]] '''K3b''' is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install '''K3b'''.
+After you install '''K3b''', using one of the methods described above, launch the program by clicking the ''Kickoff Application Launcher > Applications > Multimedia > '''K3b'''.''
+When the application opens the ''action buttons'' are displayed at the bottom of the window:
 {|
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_xfce4_xicon1.png]]||'''Applications''' contains all the programs.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3baudiocd.png]]||To create a ''New Audio CD Project''
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_gnome_terminal.png]]||'''Terminal''' contains the console.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3bdatacd.png]]||To create a ''New Data CD Project''
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_editor.png]]||'''Mousepad''' is a generic text editor.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3bdatadvd.png]]||To create a ''New Data DVD Project''
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_filemanager.png]]||'''Thunar''' is a file manager program.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3bcopycd.png]]||To ''Copy a CD''
+|}
+{{Admon/note | Adding Files | To add files to your '''K3b''' project, drag the files into the project pane at the bottom of the screen.  Everything in this project pane will be burned to your optical medium. }}
+* When you are ready to burn the files or folders to disk click the '''[Burn]''' button.
+* To burn an ISO image file, use the ''Tools > Burn DVD <code>ISO</code> Image''.
+* Navigate to and select the <code>.iso</code> image, then click the '''[Start]''' button.
+=== Using GnomeBaker in Gnome ===
+[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-48.png‎]] '''GnomeBaker''' is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install '''GnomeBaker'''.
+Launch the program by clicking  ''Applications > Sound and Video > GnomeBaker''.
+{| border="1"
+|-
+|}
+In '''GnomeBaker''' there are three primary 3 buttons in the bottom pane of the programs window:
+{|
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_browser.png]]||'''Firefox''' is a popular web browser.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-data-dvd.png]]||'''Data DVD''' Use this to burn files and folders to a DVD .
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_fastuserswitching.png]]||'''Quit''' is the button on which you click to log out, restart, and shutdown Xfce.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-data-cd.png]]||'''Data CD''' Use this to burn files and folders to a CD.
 |-
-|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_clock.png]]||'''Clock''' is a generic clock that can be modified by right clicking on it.
+|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-audio-cd.png]]||'''Audio CD''' Use this to create an audio CD.
 |}
+* To burn a specific file to a CD, or DVD, click the '''Data CD''', or '''Data DVD''', action button, and then drag and drop the files, or entire folders, from the top pane into the bottom pane. You can also highlight the files, or folders, and click the '''[+Add]''' button to add them to the window.
+* To burn an ''ISO image'' file select ''Tools > Burn DVD Image'' from the top menu.
+:* If the <code>.iso</code> file is for a CD, choose ''Burn CD Image''.
+:* Navigate to the image, select it, and click the ''OK'' button.
+:* Click the '''''[Start]''''' button in the next window to confirm burning your disc image.
+* Follow these steps to create an '''Audio CD'''.
+== Making USB Media ==
+A Live image <code>(.iso)</code> can be used in either a Windows or Linux system to make bootable USB media.
+{{Admon/note | USB Image Writing is ''Non-destructive'' | Any existing data on the media is not harmed. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations. }}
+{{Admon/note | Unusual USB Media | In a few cases with oddly formatted or partitioned USB media, the image writing may fail. }}
+'''USB Image Creation in Windows'''
+*Download the Windows liveusb-creator program at http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator.
+*Follow the instructions given at the site and in the '''liveusb-creator''' program to create the bootable USB media.
+To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.
+USB media often comes in the form of flash devices sometimes called pen drives, thumb disks, or keys; or as an externally connected hard disk device. Almost all media of this type is formatted as a vfat file system. You can create bootable USB media on media formatted as ext2, ext3, or vfat.
+'''USB Image Creation in Fedora'''
+You can install '''liveusb-creater''' by clicking on ''System > Administration > Add/Remove Software,'' then search for '''liveusb-creator,''' and install.
+Or you can install the application from Terminal with the following command:
+<pre># yum install liveusb-creator
+</pre>
-Right-clicking the clock on the right hand side of this panel provides access to a menu that allows you to:
+To open '''liveusb-creator''' click on ''Applications > System Tools > liveusb-creator.''
-* Change the clock's display to and from a 12 and 24 hour format.
+* Enter your password.
-* Change to or from a digital clock style.
+* You have the option to ''Use existing Live CD,'' which allows you to choose an <code>.iso</code> file from your computer, or ''Download Fedora'' where you can choose a file from the ''drop-down menu''.
+* You can select your ''Target Device'', such as your USB memory stick, to write the file to.
+* The application also has an option to select how much ''Persistent Storage'' you want.
+* After you have made all of your choices just press the '''[Create Live USB]''' button to start the process.
-Logging out of Xfce provides a way to switch the current username, this is located next to the clock.
+Visit the [http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator/ ''liveusb-creater web page''] for more information.
-== The Xfce Desktop Area ==
+Another option to create a USB Image is:
-Before any additional icons are added to the desktop, the desktop area contains three icons by default:
+{{Admon/important|Advanced Usage|This content is written for the more advanced user.  It assumes that you are comfortable with the command line and have a relatively good knowledge of Linux terminology.  It is probably not necessary to using Fedora as a desktop user, but can help a desktop user expand his or her knowledge base and face more complicated troubleshooting issues.}}
-# ''Filesystem'' - This contains all mounted volumes (or disks) on the computer; all of these are also available by clicking on the ''Applications'' menu and selecting ''Filesystem''. ''Filesystem'' is equivalent to ''My Computer'' in Microsoft Windows.
+* Install the ''livecd-tools package'' on your system with the following command:
-# ''Home'' - This is where all files - such as music, movies and documents - belonging to the logged-in user are stored by default.  There is a different home directory for each user and users cannot by default access each others' home directories. ''Home'' is equivalent to ''My Documents'' on Microsoft Windows.
-# ''Trash'' - Deleted files are moved here.  Empty the ''Trash'' folder by right-clicking the Trash icon and clicking ''Empty Trash''.
-{{Admon/tip | Permanently deleting files | To permanently delete a file, and bypass the file's move to ''Trash'', hold down the '''[Shift] ''' key when deleting the file.}}
-Right-clicking on the desktop presents a menu of actions related to the desktop area. For example, clicking on ''Change Desktop Background'' lets you choose a different image or photograph to display on the desktop.
+ <pre> su -c 'yum -y install livecd-tools'
+</pre>
-<!-- Should there by a description of how to add files to the "Templates" option?
+* Plug in your USB media.
--->
-== The Xfce Window List Panel ==
+* Find the device name for your USB media. If the media has a volume name, look up the name in ''/dev/disk/by-label,'' or use the ''findfs'':
-<!-- [[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_menu.png]] -->
-The '''Applications''' button consists of several components:
-* Run Program...
+<pre>su -c 'findfs LABEL="MyLabel"'
-* The Terminal
+</pre>
-* The File Manager
-* The Web Browser
-* Settings
-* Program Type Headings
-* Help, About, and Quit buttons.
-Open applications appear as button icons in the middle part of the window list panel; these are the ''open windows'' being listed.
-The application window that has ''focus'' appears as a depressed button.  Usually, this is the application whose window is on top of all others currently on the screen.  To switch from one running application to another, click on the desired application's button in the window list.
+* If the media does not have a ''volume name,'' or you do not know it, consult the ''/var/log/messages log'' for details:
+<pre>su -c 'less /var/log/messages'
+</pre>
-{{Admon/note | Use the key combination [Alt] +[Tab]  to switch between open windows. | Holding down the '''[Alt] ''' key while you tap the '''[Tab] ''' key allows you to cycle through all open applications.}}
-The workspace switcher is situated on the far left and allows you to move between workspaces.  Workspaces have long been a feature of UNIX and Linux desktop environments; each workspace provides a separate desktop where applications can be organized, each with its own desktop area and corresponding window list panel. By default there are four workspaces but you can change this number by right-clicking on the workspace switcher and choosing preferences.
+* Use the livecd-iso-to-disk command to write the ISO image to the media:
+<pre>su -c 'livecd-iso-to-disk the_image.iso /dev/sdX1'
+</pre>
-[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_XfceDesktop_showdesktop.png]] Clicking on the ''show desktop'' button (pictured at left) minimizes all open windows and reveals the desktop area; a window can then be displayed by clicking on the minimized window's button in the window list panel. This action is useful when open applications' windows becomes cluttered.
+Replace sdX1 with the device name for the partition on the USB media. Most flash drives and external hard disks use only one partition. If you have changed this behavior or have oddly partitioned media, you may need to consult other sources of help.
 {|
 |-
-|[[User Guide - Tour of the KDE Desktop| Previous Page - Tour of the KDE Desktop]] ||[[User Guide| Table of Contents]] ||[[User Guide - Media| Next Page - Using Media]]
+|[[User Guide - Tour of the Xfce Desktop| Previous Page - Tour of the Xfce Desktop]] ||[[User Guide| Table of Contents]] ||[[User Guide - Connecting to the Internet| Next Page - Connecting to the Internet]]
 |}

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