From Fedora Project Wiki
This is a document to help system administrators who need to understand what commands in systemd replace their old workflow in SysVinit.
Commands
| SystemVinit Command | Systemd Command | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ls -al /etc/rc.d/init.d | systemctl --all | Used to list the services that can be started or stopped |
| chkconfig httpd --list | Used to list what levels this service is configured on or off | |
| chkconfig httpd --level 345 on | Turn the service on for the next reboot | |
| chkconfig httpd --level 345 off | Turn the service off for the next reboot | |
| service httpd start | systemctl start httpd.service OR service httpd start | Used to start a service (not reboot persistent) |
| service httpd stop | systemctl stop httpd.service OR service httpd stop | Used to stop a service (not reboot persistent) |
| service httpd restart | systemctl restart httpd.service OR service httpd restart | Used to stop and then start a service |
| service httpd reload | systemctl reload httpd.service OR service httpd reload | When supported, reloads the config file without interrupting pending operations. |
| service httpd condrestart | systemctl reload-or-restart httpd.service OR systemctl condrestart httpd.service OR service httpd condrestart | when supported restarts if the service is already running. |
| telinit 3 | systemctl isolate runlevel3.target OR telinit 3 | Change to multi-user run level. See also: Runlevels |
| sed s/^id:.*:initdefault:/id:3:initdefault:/ | ln -sf /lib/systemd/systemd/multi-user.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target | Set to use multi-user runlevel on next reboot. See also: Runlevels |
Runlevels
runlevels are used with telinit and on the kernel command line in SystemVinit. With systemd, the following can be used instead.
| SystemVinit Runlevel | Systemd Target | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | Halt the system. | |
| 1, s, single | Single user mode. | |
| 2, 4 | User/sites may define runlevels with sets of packages for these. | |
| 3 | runlevel3.target, multi-user.target | Multi-user, non-graphical. Users can usually login via multiple consoles or via the network. |
| 5 | runlevel5.target, graphical.target | Multi-user, graphical. Usually has all the services of runlevel 3 plus a graphical login. |
| 6 | Reboot |