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== Media Basics ==
== Media Basics ==
When you insert or connect a ''medium,'' such as a CD, DVD, hard drive, or flash drive, to your computer, Fedora automatically recognizes and makes it available for use. An icon is placed on your desktop and in the ''Places'' menu in '''GNOME'''.  On the '''KDE''' desktop an icon is placed in the bottom panel next to the ''workspace switcher'', and in the ''Kickoff Application Launcher > File Manager,'' the medium's icon is on the left of the ''file display window''.
When you connect a ''medium,'' such as a CD, DVD, hard drive, or flash drive to your computer, Fedora automatically recognizes it and makes it available for use. This process is called ''mounting'' the drive. An icon is placed on your desktop and in the ''Places'' menu in '''GNOME'''.  On the '''KDE''' desktop, an icon is placed in the bottom panel next to the ''workspace switcher''. Additionally, the medium's icon is placed to the left of the ''file display window'' in ''Kickoff Application Launcher > File Manager''.


In '''GNOME''' you should ''unmount'' the medium before removing it from the computer. To do this, right-click on the device's icon and then select ''Unmount Volume'' or ''Eject'', depending on what type of media you are using; during this process any remaining changes to the data on the media is ''written'' to the device, allowing safe removal without data loss. Removing the medium without unmounting it first could cause data to be corrupted; if this is the case, you will not be able to get your data back in the future.
You should ''unmount'' a medium before physically removing it from your computer. To do this in '''GNOME''', right-click on the device's icon and select ''Unmount Volume'' or ''Eject'', depending on what type of media you are using. During this process any remaining changes to the data on the media is ''written'' to the device, allowing for its safe removal without data loss. Removing the medium without first unmounting could cause data to be corrupted; if this is the case, you will not be able to recover your data in the future.<!--How do you do this in KDE??-->


There are several multi-media applications available for '''GNOME''' and '''KDE''' desktopsThese applications will run in either Fedora desktop environment.  To install software packages not already installed, please read [[User Guide - Managing Software|the chapter on managing software]].  You can install applications by either [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software|using the PackageKit application]] or on the command line by [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software 2|using Yum]].
There are several multimedia applications available for the Fedora desktop.  These applications will run in most desktop environments, including '''GNOME''' and '''KDE'''.  To install the software packages listed on this page which not already installed on your computer, please read [[User Guide - Managing Software|the chapter on managing software]].  You can install applications by either [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software|using the PackageKit application]] or on the command line by [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software 2|using Yum]].


== Applications Installed in '''GNOME''' and '''KDE''' Desktops ==
To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.
* To open these programs, in the '''GNOME''' desktop, select ''Applications > Sound and Video > YourApplication.''
* For applications in the '''KDE''' desktop, click the ''Kickoff Application Launcher > Applications > Multimedia > YourApplication.''


=== Cheese Webcam Booth ===
== ISO Image ==
[[Image:Cheese.png]] '''Cheese Webcam Booth''' takes photos and videos with your webcam.
An '''ISO image''' is an archive file, also known as a ''disk image'' of an ''optical disc,'' in a format defined by the ''International Organization for Standardization <code>(ISO)</code>''.  <code>Iso</code> image files typically have an <code>.iso</code> extensionThe name ''<code>iso</code>'' is taken from the ''<code>ISO</code> 9660 file system'' used with CD-ROM media, but an <code>iso</code> image can also contain ''Universal Disk Format (UDF)'' file system because ''UDF'' is backward-compatible with <code>ISO</code> 9660.
an <code>ISO</code> image includes all the data of files contained on the archived CD/DVD. They are stored in an uncompressed format.  


The top menu provides the following operations and options:
In addition to data of the files it also contains all the file system ''metadata'', including ''boot code, structures,'' and ''attributes.'' '''ISO''' images do not support ''multi-track'', thus they cannot be used for audio CDs, VCD, and hybrid audio CDs.
* Selecting ''Cheese'' you can choose to turn on the ''Countdown'' timer, ''Take a photo'' or ''Record,'' depending on if you selected ''Photo'' or ''Video'' button, see the ''Fullscreen,'' and ''Quit'' the application.
* ''Edit'' lets you turn on ''Effects, Move to Trash, Move All to Trash,'' and change the ''Preferences.''
* Clicking on ''Help > Contents,'' or pressing '''[F1]''', opens the ''Cheese Manual.''
The  tabs, between the windows, are shortcuts of the choices in top menu.  


More information is available on the [http://www.gnome.org/projects/cheese ''Cheese Website'']
== Writing CDs or DVDs ==
Fedora includes support for writing to CDs and DVDs. This means that you can permanently ''burn'' files to the CD/DVD for backup, file transport, or any other reason. 
{{Admon/note | Required Hardware | Not all optical drives (CD or DVD drives) are equipped to burn new media. An easy way to check whether that you can burn optical media is to look at the front of your disc drive. It should indicate the drive's capabilities. You can also look up the model of your drive online. An even easier way is to simply try burning a disc; chances are, if you can't select the option for burning discs, it's not a problem with Fedora; your drive simply does not support this operation. }}


=== Rhythmbox Music Music Player ===
=== Using '''CD/DVD Creator''' to Burn Media in GNOME ===
[[Image:Rhythmbox.png]]  '''Rhythmbox Music Music Player''' plays CDs, internet radio, and is a music collection manager.
The first time you launch the '''Rhythmbox Music Player''', an assistant will help you import your music. On the second panel of the assistant, press the '''[Browse]''' button and select the folder where your music is stored, normally in your ''/Home/Music/'' directory.


==== Using Rhythmbox Music Player ====
[[Image:Cd-dvd-creator.png]] '''CD/DVD Creator''' burns CDs and DVDs.
The main functions of the '''''Rhythmbox Music Player''''' window are:
* The top panel Menubar which has all of the menus to perform tasks. Press '''[F1]''' or ''Help > Contents'' on the menubar to pull up the manual.
* The second Toolbar panel accesses the ''player functions'' and provides details about the track that is playing.
* A ''Time Slider'', under the Toolbar panel, displays the position of the read of a track and allows you to jump to another part of a track.
* In the left window the ''Source List'' lets you access your ''music library, internet radio, internet,'' your ''playlist,'' and ''CDs''.  This consists of:
:* The '''''Rhythmbox Music Player''''' library, where all of the imported tracks are saved.
:* The ''Radio'' with internet radio stations.
:* ''Podcasts''.
:* ''Online Stores'':
:* All ''Playlists'' (normal and smart).
:* ''Audio CD's'' inserted into the computer's drives.
:* Portable players, such as an ''iPod,'' plugged in to your computer.
If you have a wheel mouse you can adjust the volume by placing the cursor on the volume icon and turning the wheel.
* In the ''Browser'', the rectangle window right of the ''Source List'',  you can browse and filter the ''Library'' tracks by ''genre, artist,'' or ''ablum'' name.  It also provides a ''Search'' function.
* The ''Tracks'' list is the bottom window and contains the lists of the tracks that belong to the source you selected.
* The ''Statusbar'' is the panel that runs along the bottom that displays information about the source you selected.


Visit the [http://projects.gnome.org/rhythmbox/ ''Rhythmbox website''] for more information.
# To open Select ''Places > CD/DVD Creator''.


=== Audio CD Extractor (Sound Juicer) ===
[[Image:Sound-juicer2.png]]  '''Audio CD Extractor (Sound Juicer)''' lets you extract the audio from CDs and convert them to audio files your computer can play.  This program also plays CDs.
[[Image:Kdesoundjuicer.png]]  '''KDE Audio CD Extractor (Sound Juicer)''' Icon.
==== Using Sound Juicer ====
Entering Track Data:
* Insert an audio CD and '''Sound Juicer''' will locate and retrieve the data from ''MusicBrainz'' (a free service).  If ''MusicBrainz'' cannot match the CD you have the option to enter the track information manually. The notifier will also ask you if you want to submit your album to the ''MusicBrainz'' database.  You will need to open a ''MusicBrainz'' account to submit albums to their database.
* To enter track data manually:
:* Fill in the text boxes for the ''title, artist, year,'' and ''genre'' of the CD. 
:* Below that is a list of the audio tracks on the CD.  You can determine the ''track title'' and ''artist'' for each track.
::* To edit the title of a track, first select the track, then click on the title.  When you have finished entering the title, press the '''[Enter]''' key.
:* Each track of the CD is automatically updated if they matched the artist before the edit.
Extracting Track Data:
* Select the tracks you want to save by clicking on the boxes in front of the tracks.  You also use ''Edit > Select All'' or ''> Deselect All.''
* Press the '''[Extract]''' button.  This will change to a '''[Stop]''' button when the program begins to extract the data.  You will see an icon next to the track being extracting.
* Press '''[F1]''', or ''Help > Contents,'' to see the manual.
For more information see the [http://burtonini.com/blog/computers/sound-juicer  '''''Sound Juicer''' website.'']
=== Sound Recorder ===
[[Image:Gnome-sound-recorder.png]]  '''Sound Recorder''' can record and play .flac, .oga (OGG audio), and .wav sound files.
==== Using Sound Recorder ====
* From the top menu select ''File > New,'' or press the '''[New]''' button on the second panel.
* On the ''Record as'' drop-down choose what type of file you want to record to.
* Press the red '''[Record]''' button or select ''Control > Record'' from the top menu to start recording.
* Press the '''[Stop]''' button or use ''Control > Stop'', on the top menu, to end the recording.
* Press the '''[Play]''' button or ''Control > Play'' to start the play-back.
* To open the audio mixer select ''File > Open Volume Control''.
* To save your file choose ''File > Save As'', and name your sound file.
* You can play an existing sound file by clicking the '''[Open]''' button, or selecting ''File > Open'' on the top menu, choose the file and click the '''[Open]''' button. Now press the '''[Play]''' button, or ''Control > Play'', to play the selected file.
* Selecting ''File > Properties'' displays information about the current sound file.
* Access the Sound Recorder manual by choosing ''Help > Contents,'' or press the '''[F1]''' key.
=== Totem Movie Player ===
[[Image:Totem.png]]  '''Totem Movie Player''' plays DVDs, CDs, and VCDs.
==== Using Totem Movie Player ====
* To open an audio, or video, file, select ''Movie > Open.''  Select the file you want and click the '''[+Add]''' button.  You can also drag a file in to the '''Totem Movie Player''' window.  See [http://www.gnome.org/projects/totem/#codecs ''Totem Codecs''] if '''Totem Movie Player''' returns error messages when you try to play a file.
* Select ''Movie > Open Location'' to open a file by URI location.
* ''Movie > Play Disc'' will play a DVD, VCD, or CD.
* ''Movie > Eject'' will eject the disc.
* Under the ''Eject'' option is the ''Playlist.''
* ''Movie > Play,'' and ''Movie > Pause,'' will play or pause the disc.
* Choosing ''Movie > Properties'' opens the sidebar which displays the properties of the file.
* From the ''Edit'' menu you can ''Take a Screenshot, Copy, Select All, Find, Find Next,'' go to the ''Previous'' file, configure ''Plugins,'' and set ''Preferences.''
* ''View'' allows you to go to ''Fullscreen, Fit Window to Movie,'' set the ''Aspect Ratio, Switch Angles, Show Controls, Subtitles,'' and show, or hide, the ''Sidebar.''
* ''Go'' will let you go to the ''DVD, Title, Audio, Angle,'' and ''Chapter'' menus, the ''Next Chapter'' or ''Movie,'' the ''Previous Chapter'' or Movie, Skip'' to a track, and ''Skip Forward'' or ''Backwards.''
* The ''Sound'' drop-down menu lets you change ''Language'' and turn the ''Volume Up'' or ''Down.''
* You can open the manual by selecting ''Help > Contents'' or pressing the '''[F1]''' key.
For more information visit the [http://projects.gnome.org/totem/ '''''Totem Movie Player''' website.'']
== '''GNOME''' Media Applications ==
=== CD/DVD Creator ===
[[Image:Cd-dvd-creator.png]]'''CD/DVD Creator,''' is a CD and DVD burner. To open select ''Applications > Sound and Video > CD/DVD Creator''.
==== Using CD/DVD Creator ====
'''To create a data disc:'''
'''To create a data disc:'''
* Open '''CD/DVD Creator''' and drag the files and folders that you want to write to CD or DVD to  the '''CD/DVD Creator''' folder.
* Drag the files and folders, that you want to write to CD or DVD, to  the '''CD/DVD Creator''' folder.
* Insert a writeable CD or DVD into your writer device. Doing this step first usually opens the ''CD/DVD Creator'' automatically.  You can configure the ''CD/DVD Creator'' to open automatically by going to ''System > Preferences > Hardware > Multimedia Systems Selector > ''and on the ''Audio'' and ''Video'' tabs select ''Autodetect'' from the drop-down menu.
* Insert a writeable CD or DVD into your writer device. Doing this step first usually opens the ''CD/DVD Creator'' automatically.  If not, you can configure the ''CD/DVD Creator'' to open automatically by going to ''System > Preferences > Hardware > Multimedia Systems Selector > ''and on the ''Audio'' and ''Video'' tabs select ''Autodetect'' from the drop-down menu.
* Click the '''[Write to Disc]''' button, or choose ''File > Write to CD/DVD.''  
* Click the '''''[Write to Disc]''''' button, or choose ''File > Write to CD/DVD.''  
:* Here you can choose write to your ''CD/DVD'' or to a ''File Image''. An image file (ISO) is a normal file that will saved to your computer and you can write to a CD later.  
:* Here you can choose write to your ''CD/DVD'' or to a ''File Image''. An image file ('''ISO''') is a normal file that will be saved to your computer and you can write to a CD later.  
::* To write a disc image to a CD/DVD, right-click on the ''Disc Image File'', then choose ''Write to Disc'' from the popup menu.  
::* To write a '''''disc image''''' to a CD/DVD, right-click on the '''''Disc Image File''''', then choose ''Open with '''CD/DVD Creator''''' from the popup menu. When you burn a a ''disc image'' the ''Disc name'' and ''Write speed'' are not available.
:* You can type a name for your CD/DVD in the ''Disc name'' window and select a ''Write speed'' from the drop-down under ''Write Options''.  You will also see the size of your data that will be written to the disc.  
:* If you are copying regular data you can type a name for your CD/DVD in the ''Disc name'' window and select a ''Write speed'' from the drop-down under ''Write Options''.  You will also see the size of your data that will be written to the disc.  
* Press the '''[Write]'' button to copy your data to the CD/DVD.  
* Press the '''''[Write]''''' button to burn your data to the CD/DVD.  
'''To make a copy of a CD or DVD:'''  
'''To make a copy of a CD or DVD:'''  
* Insert the disc you want to copy.
* Insert the disc you want to copy.
Line 124: Line 45:
The ''Help'' manual can be accessed by pressing the '''[F1]''' key or clicking ''Help > Contents'' on the top menu bar.
The ''Help'' manual can be accessed by pressing the '''[F1]''' key or clicking ''Help > Contents'' on the top menu bar.


== '''GNOME''' Media Applications in the Repository ==
=== Using K3b to Burn Media in KDE ===
 
[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3b.png]] '''K3b''' is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install '''K3b'''.
After you install '''K3b''', using one of the methods described above, launch the program by clicking the ''Kickoff Application Launcher > Applications > Multimedia > '''K3b'''.''
When the application opens the ''action buttons'' are displayed at the bottom of the window:
{|
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3baudiocd.png]]||To create a ''New Audio CD Project''
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3bdatacd.png]]||To create a ''New Data CD Project''
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3bdatadvd.png]]||To create a ''New Data DVD Project''
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3bcopycd.png]]||To ''Copy a CD''
|}
{{Admon/note | Adding Files | To add files to your '''K3b''' project, drag the files into the project pane at the bottom of the screen.  Everything in this project pane will be burned to your optical medium. }}
* When you are ready to burn the files or folders to disk click the '''[Burn]''' button.
* To burn an ISO image file, use the ''Tools > Burn DVD <code>ISO</code> Image''. 
* Navigate to and select the <code>.iso</code> image, then click the '''[Start]''' button.
 
=== Using GnomeBaker in Gnome ===
[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-48.png‎]] '''GnomeBaker''' is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install '''GnomeBaker'''.
Launch the program by clicking  ''Applications > Sound and Video > GnomeBaker''.


The applications below are not usually installed by default but are in the Repository. To install  these packages please, read [[User Guide - Managing Software|the chapter on managing software]]. You can install applications by either [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software|using the PackageKit application]] or on the command line by [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software 2|using Yum]].
{| border="1"
|-
|}
In '''GnomeBaker''' there are three primary 3 buttons in the bottom pane of the programs window:
{|
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-data-dvd.png]]||'''Data DVD''' Use this to burn files and folders to a DVD .
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-data-cd.png]]||'''Data CD''' Use this to burn files and folders to a CD.
|-
|[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-audio-cd.png]]||'''Audio CD''' Use this to create an audio CD.
|}
* To burn a specific file to a CD, or DVD, click the '''Data CD''', or '''Data DVD''', action button, and then drag and drop the files, or entire folders, from the top pane into the bottom pane. You can also highlight the files, or folders, and click the '''[+Add]''' button to add them to the window. 
* To burn an ''ISO image'' file select ''Tools > Burn DVD Image'' from the top menu. 
:* If the <code>.iso</code> file is for a CD, choose ''Burn CD Image''. 
:* Navigate to the image, select it, and click the ''OK'' button. 
:* Click the '''''[Start]''''' button in the next window to confirm burning your disc image.
* Follow these steps to create an '''Audio CD'''.


[[Image:Brasero.png]]  '''Brasero''' Copies and burns CD/DVDs.  Visit the [http://projects.gnome.org/brasero/ Brasero website] for details.
== Making USB Media ==
A Live image <code>(.iso)</code> can be used in either a Windows or Linux system to make bootable USB media.
{{Admon/note | USB Image Writing is ''Non-destructive'' | Any existing data on the media is not harmed. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations. }}


[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_gnomebaker-48.png‎]]  ''''''GNOME'''Baker''' can burn music or data to a CD.  See the [http://www.biddell.co.uk/gnomebaker.php '''''GNOME'''Baker website''] for more information.
{{Admon/note | Unusual USB Media | In a few cases with oddly formatted or partitioned USB media, the image writing may fail. }}
 
'''USB Image Creation in Windows'''
*Download the Windows liveusb-creator program at http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator.  
*Follow the instructions given at the site and in the '''liveusb-creator''' program to create the bootable USB media.  
   
   
To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.
USB media often comes in the form of flash devices sometimes called pen drives, thumb disks, or keys; or as an externally connected hard disk device. Almost all media of this type is formatted as a vfat file system. You can create bootable USB media on media formatted as ext2, ext3, or vfat.


<!-- GNOMEBaker: ###############note ####################### * To burn a specific file to a CD click the '''Data CD''' action button, and then drag and drop the file from the top pane into the right hand side of the bottom pane. Entire folders can also be dragged and dropped.  Click the burn button to burn the files or folders to the disc.
'''USB Image Creation in Fedora'''  
* Burning an ISO image file such as the Fedora 9 DVD installation image is done through the ''Tools > Burn DVD Image'' menu.  If the <code>.iso</code> file is for a CD, choose ''Burn CD Image''.  Navigate to the image, select it, and click the ''OK'' button.   Click the ''Start'' button in the next window to confirm burning your disc image. -->
 
You can install '''liveusb-creater''' by clicking on ''System > Administration > Add/Remove Software,'' then search for '''liveusb-creator,''' and install.
Or you can install the application from Terminal with the following command:


== '''KDE''' Media Applications ==
<pre># yum install liveusb-creator
* To open applications in the '''KDE''' desktop, click the ''Kickoff Application Launcher > Applications > Multimedia > YourApplication.''
</pre>


=== Amarok ===
To open '''liveusb-creator''' click on ''Applications > System Tools > liveusb-creator.''
[[Image:Amarok.png]] '''Amarok''' which is a CD player and collection manager.
* Enter your password.
* When you select '''Amarok''', from menu, you can choose ''Play Media'' to play existing sound files, go to a ''Previous Track, Play/Pause, Stop,'' go to the ''Next Track,'' or ''Quit'' the application.
* You have the option to ''Use existing Live CD,'' which allows you to choose an <code>.iso</code> file from your computer, or ''Download Fedora'' where you can choose a file from the ''drop-down menu''.
* ''Playlist'' lets you ''Add Media, Add Stream, Save Playlist, Undo, Redo, Clear Playlist, Repeat,'' and choose ''Random'' play.
* You can select your ''Target Device'', such as your USB memory stick, to write the file to.
* ''Tools'' lets you access the ''Cover Manager, Script Manager,'' and to ''Update Collection''.
* The application also has an option to select how much ''Persistent Storage'' you want.
* Under ''Settings'' you can ''Configure Shortcuts'' and ''Configure '''Amarok'''.''
* After you have made all of your choices just press the '''[Create Live USB]''' button to start the process.
* Selecting ''Help > '''Amarok''' Handbook'', or pressing '''[F1]''' key, opens the manual.
* On the left side of the application window you can select the ''Files'' you want to play, ''Playlist, Collections,'' or access the internet for ''music, podcasts,'' and ''radio'' stations. Details about your selection is displayed in the window to the right.
* At bottom center are icons: '''''[+]''' Adds a Widget, '''[-]''' Deletes a Widget,'' the arrows let you go to a ''Previous'' or ''Next Group'', and you can ''Zoom'' in or out.
* In the ''Playlist'' window you ''Search'', go to the ''Next'' or ''Previous'' selection, and ''Search Preferences''. The options along the bottom allows you to ''Clear Playlist, Show Active Track, Undo, Redo, Save a Playlist'', and ''Export a Playlist As''.
Fom more information see the [http://amarok.kde.org/ '''''Amarok KDE''' website''.]


=== Dragon Player ===
Visit the [http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator/ ''liveusb-creater web page''] for more information.
[[Image:Dragonplayer.png]]  '''Dragon Player''' is a simple video player.
* When you first open '''Dragon Player''' a pop-up window asks you what you would like to play:
:* ''Play File'' or ''Play Disc''. If you choose one of these the program loads the file.
:* You can also ''Close'' the window or ''Quit'' the application.
* Selecting ''Play > Play Media'' allows you to play a ''DVD, VCD'', or ''Video File'', ''Play/Pause'' lets you pause and re-start the movie, ''Stop'' will stop the playback, and ''Quit'' closes the application
* The ''Settings'' menu lets you choose the ''Full Screen Mode, Aspect Ratio, Subtitles, Audio Channels'', to ''Confgure Shortcuts'' and ''Toolbars'' or to ''Show Toolbar.''
* ''Help > '''Dragon Player''' Handbook'', or pressing the '''[F1]''' key, opens the manual.


More details are available on the [http://dragonplayer.org/ '''''Dragon Player''' website.'']
Another option to create a USB Image is:


=== Music Player (JuK) ===
{{Admon/important|Advanced Usage|This content is written for the more advanced user. It assumes that you are comfortable with the command line and have a relatively good knowledge of Linux terminology. It is probably not necessary to using Fedora as a desktop user, but can help a desktop user expand his or her knowledge base and face more complicated troubleshooting issues.}}
[[Image:Juk.png]]  '''Music Player (JuK)''' is a collection and playlist manager as well as a music player.
* When the application opens you can choose to ''Add'' or ''Remove a Folder'', and ''Import playlists'', from the pop-up window.
* Selecting ''File'', on the top menu bar, you can choose to open a ''New'' file, ''Open'' an existing file, ''Add Folder, Rename, Edit, Search, Duplicate, Reload, Remove Save, Save As,'' or ''Quit'' the application.
* ''Edit'' allows you to ''Undo, Cut, Copy Paste, Clear,'' or ''Select All''.
* Under ''View'' you can configure '''JuK''' to ''Show Search Bar, Show Tag Editor, Show History, Show Play Queue'' or ''Columns, Resize Playlist Columns Manually,'' and ''View Modes (Default, Compact or Tree).''
* From the ''Player'' drop list you select to ''Random Play, Loop Playlist, Play, Pause, Stop, Next, Previous,'' and ''Play the Next Album.''
* ''Tagger'' lets you ''Save'' or ''Delete tag, Refresh, Guess Tag Information,'' open the ''Cover Manager,'' and ''Rename a File.''
* From the ''Settings'' menu you can choose which ''Toolbars'' to display, ''Show Splash Screen on Startup, Dock in System Tray, Stay in System Tray on Close, Open Track Announcement, Tag Guesser, File Renamer,'' and ''Configure Shortcuts'' or ''Toolbars''.
* The second menu panel displays icons of the most used commands and are also located in the top menu bar.
* The right window is home to your ''collection'' or ''playlist''.
* The main window displays information about the file, such as:  ''Track Name, Artist, Album, Cover, Track, Genre, Year,'' and ''Length''.
* To open the manual select ''Help > '''JuK''' Handbook'' or press the '''[F1]''' key.


More information is available on the [http://developer.kde.org/~wheeler/juk.html '''''JuK''' website'']
* Install the ''livecd-tools package'' on your system with the following command:


=== Medai Player (Kaffeine) ===


[[Image:Kaffeine.png]]'''Kaffeine''' is a media player that can play streaming, DVB, DVD, and audio and video CDs. 
<pre> su -c 'yum -y install livecd-tools'
You need the [http://sourceforge.net/project/downloading.php?groupname=kaffeine&filename=kaffeine-mozilla-0.2.tar.bz2&use_mirror=internap  Mozilla plugin] for the program to get streaming content over the web.
</pre>
 


The first window that opens contains five shortcut icons:
* Plug in your USB media.
:* ''Play Playlist'' takes you to a current playlist.
:* ''Audio CD encoding'' will help you rip a track, or tracks, from a CD.
:* ''Play Audio CD'' plays a CD.
:* ''Play DVD'' will play a DVD.
:* ''Play VCD'' connects to streaming content.
* On the left side of the starting window are four small icons:
:* The '''''KDE''' icon,'' on top, brings up the first window, wherever you are in the program.
:* The '''''Kaffeine''' icon'' opens the ''Player Window.''
:* Clicking the next ''icon'' will open the ''Playlist.''
:* The ''Disc Icon'' takes you to the ''Play CD window'' that list the details of the CD.
* The ''Toolbar,'' along the bottom of this window allows you to ''Play, Pause, Skip Backward'' or ''Forward, Stop,'' and ''Adjust the Volume.''
The top menu panel has:
* ''File'' which allows you to ''Open a File, URL,'' or ''Directory, Open'' a ''DVD, VCD, Audio CD,'' and ''Network Broadcasting.''  You can also ''Save Stream, Save a Screenshot, Quit with Options, or Quit.''
* From the ''View'' menu you change to ''Full Screen Mode, Minimal Mode, Toggle Playlist/Player, Enable Auto Resize,'' or ''Keep Original Aspect.''
* Selecting ''Player'' gives you the option to ''Play, Pause, Stop, Next'' or ''Previous'' (track), ''Fast Forward, Slow Motion, ''and ''Jump to Position.''  You can also ''Navigate'' a ''DVD, CD, Video,'' configure ''Subtitles,'' pull up ''Track Info,'' and Enable/Disable ''Plugins.''
* The ''Playlist'' drop-down lets you ''Shuffle, Repeat, Download covers, Clear Current Playlist,'' start a ''New Playlist, Import, Save,'' or ''Remove a Playlist.''
* ''Settings'' allow you to select a ''Player Engine'' (Xine or GStreamer), choose the ''Toolbars, Configure Shortcuts, Toolbars,'' and '''''Kaffeine''' Player'', and to set ''xine Engine Paramenters''.
* ''Clicking Help > '''Kaffeine''' Player Handbook,'' or pressing the '''[F1]''' key, opens the manual.


* Find the device name for your USB media. If the media has a volume name, look up the name in ''/dev/disk/by-label,'' or use the ''findfs'':


More information is available on the [http://kaffeine.kde.org/ '''''Kaffeine''' website''.]
<pre>su -c 'findfs LABEL="MyLabel"'
</pre>


=== KMix Sound Mixer ===
[[Image:Kmix.png]]  '''Sound Mixer (KMix)'''
*The application Window can have up to three sections with different soundcard controls: ''Output, Input'' and ''Switches.'' These sections contain ''volume sliders, switches'' for enabling/disabling ''record'' or ''playback,'' and ''multiple-choice selectors.''
:* ''Output'' controls are playback related, like the ''Master volume control.''
:* ''Input'' controls are ''record'' related, like ''Capture.''
:* ''Switches'' has all controls allowing you to switch some functionalities ''ON'' or ''OFF'' (like "Mic Boost (+20dB)"), and ''multiple-choice controls'' (like ''Mic Select: Mic1 or Mic2)''.
* '''KMix''' also features ''LED's'':
:* ''Green'' for ''playback.''
:* ''Red'' for ''recording.''
:* ''Yellow'' is for ''special soundcard functions.''
* Most of these controls have a context menu, you can access by a ''right mouse click'' on the icon.
:* For ''Split Channels,'' the right slider controls right side volume, and the left controls left side volume.
:* ''Muted'' can be on or off.
:* You can select ''Hide'' to hide this device
* To configure '''KMix''', from the menubar choose ''Preferences > Use Settings > Configure '''KMix'''.''  The options are:
:* ''Dock into panel'' will dock in the systray when pressing the window '''[Close]''' button.
:* ''Show labels'' will display labels for each of the sound devices.
:* ''Show lines'' to mark positions on the sliders. 


More information is available on the [http://docs.kde.org/stable/en/kdemultimedia/kmix/index.html '''''KMix''' website'']
* If the media does not have a ''volume name,'' or you do not know it, consult the ''/var/log/messages log'' for details:
<pre>su -c 'less /var/log/messages'
</pre>


=== KsCD ===
[[Image:KsCD.png]]'''KsCD''' is a simple CD player.
* The button cluster on the left side contains ''Play'' in the center, ''Previous'' to the left, ''Next'' on the right side, ''Stop'' on the bottom and ''Eject'' on the top.
* The center window displays information about the file being played.
* The icons along the bottom allow you to setup ''Random'' play,'' Loop, Tracklist'', and ''Mute.''
* The three buttons on the top and center right are:
:* ''Volume control.''  Place your cursor on the white dot, hold down the right mouse key and drag it to the desired level.
:* The '''[-]''' button lets you ''minumize'' '''KsCD'''.
:* The '''[X]''' icon ''closes'' the application.


== '''KDE''' Media Programs in the Repository ==
* Use the livecd-iso-to-disk command to write the ISO image to the media:
<pre>su -c 'livecd-iso-to-disk the_image.iso /dev/sdX1'
</pre>


The applications below are not usually installed by default but are in the Repository. To install  these packages please, read [[User Guide - Managing Software|the chapter on managing software]]. You can install applications by either [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software|using the PackageKit application]] or on the command line by [[User Guide - Managing Software#Installing Software 2|using Yum]].
Replace sdX1 with the device name for the partition on the USB media. Most flash drives and external hard disks use only one partition. If you have changed this behavior or have oddly partitioned media, you may need to consult other sources of help.


[[Image:Docs_Drafts_DesktopUserGuide_Media_k3b.png]]: '''K3b''' is a CD and DVD burning application.  More information is available on the [http://www.k3b.org/ '''K3b''' website]
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Latest revision as of 13:46, 9 July 2009


Media Basics

When you connect a medium, such as a CD, DVD, hard drive, or flash drive to your computer, Fedora automatically recognizes it and makes it available for use. This process is called mounting the drive. An icon is placed on your desktop and in the Places menu in GNOME. On the KDE desktop, an icon is placed in the bottom panel next to the workspace switcher. Additionally, the medium's icon is placed to the left of the file display window in Kickoff Application Launcher > File Manager.

You should unmount a medium before physically removing it from your computer. To do this in GNOME, right-click on the device's icon and select Unmount Volume or Eject, depending on what type of media you are using. During this process any remaining changes to the data on the media is written to the device, allowing for its safe removal without data loss. Removing the medium without first unmounting could cause data to be corrupted; if this is the case, you will not be able to recover your data in the future.

There are several multimedia applications available for the Fedora desktop. These applications will run in most desktop environments, including GNOME and KDE. To install the software packages listed on this page which not already installed on your computer, please read the chapter on managing software. You can install applications by either using the PackageKit application or on the command line by using Yum.

To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.

ISO Image

An ISO image is an archive file, also known as a disk image of an optical disc, in a format defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Iso image files typically have an .iso extension. The name iso is taken from the ISO 9660 file system used with CD-ROM media, but an iso image can also contain Universal Disk Format (UDF) file system because UDF is backward-compatible with ISO 9660. an ISO image includes all the data of files contained on the archived CD/DVD. They are stored in an uncompressed format.

In addition to data of the files it also contains all the file system metadata, including boot code, structures, and attributes. ISO images do not support multi-track, thus they cannot be used for audio CDs, VCD, and hybrid audio CDs.

Writing CDs or DVDs

Fedora includes support for writing to CDs and DVDs. This means that you can permanently burn files to the CD/DVD for backup, file transport, or any other reason.

Note.png
Required Hardware
Not all optical drives (CD or DVD drives) are equipped to burn new media. An easy way to check whether that you can burn optical media is to look at the front of your disc drive. It should indicate the drive's capabilities. You can also look up the model of your drive online. An even easier way is to simply try burning a disc; chances are, if you can't select the option for burning discs, it's not a problem with Fedora; your drive simply does not support this operation.

Using CD/DVD Creator to Burn Media in GNOME

Cd-dvd-creator.png CD/DVD Creator burns CDs and DVDs.

  1. To open Select Places > CD/DVD Creator.

To create a data disc:

  • Drag the files and folders, that you want to write to CD or DVD, to the CD/DVD Creator folder.
  • Insert a writeable CD or DVD into your writer device. Doing this step first usually opens the CD/DVD Creator automatically. If not, you can configure the CD/DVD Creator to open automatically by going to System > Preferences > Hardware > Multimedia Systems Selector > and on the Audio and Video tabs select Autodetect from the drop-down menu.
  • Click the [Write to Disc] button, or choose File > Write to CD/DVD.
  • Here you can choose write to your CD/DVD or to a File Image. An image file (ISO) is a normal file that will be saved to your computer and you can write to a CD later.
  • To write a disc image to a CD/DVD, right-click on the Disc Image File, then choose Open with CD/DVD Creator from the popup menu. When you burn a a disc image the Disc name and Write speed are not available.
  • If you are copying regular data you can type a name for your CD/DVD in the Disc name window and select a Write speed from the drop-down under Write Options. You will also see the size of your data that will be written to the disc.
  • Press the [Write] button to burn your data to the CD/DVD.

To make a copy of a CD or DVD:

  • Insert the disc you want to copy.
  • Choose Places > CD/DVD Creator from the top panel menu bar.
  • Right-click on the CD icon, and choose Copy Disc.
  • Follow the Write to Disc dialogue as above.

If you have only one write drive the program will first create a file on your computer. The original disk will be ejected, and ask you to change it for a blank disk to copy on.

The Help manual can be accessed by pressing the [F1] key or clicking Help > Contents on the top menu bar.

Using K3b to Burn Media in KDE

Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3b.png K3b is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install K3b. After you install K3b, using one of the methods described above, launch the program by clicking the Kickoff Application Launcher > Applications > Multimedia > K3b. When the application opens the action buttons are displayed at the bottom of the window:

File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3baudiocd.png To create a New Audio CD Project
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3bdatacd.png To create a New Data CD Project
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3bdatadvd.png To create a New Data DVD Project
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media k3bcopycd.png To Copy a CD
Note.png
Adding Files
To add files to your K3b project, drag the files into the project pane at the bottom of the screen. Everything in this project pane will be burned to your optical medium.
  • When you are ready to burn the files or folders to disk click the [Burn] button.
  • To burn an ISO image file, use the Tools > Burn DVD ISO Image.
  • Navigate to and select the .iso image, then click the [Start] button.

Using GnomeBaker in Gnome

Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-48.png GnomeBaker is not installed by default from the Live-CD or the DVD. If you do not have access to the Internet, you can use the Fedora DVD to install GnomeBaker. Launch the program by clicking Applications > Sound and Video > GnomeBaker.

In GnomeBaker there are three primary 3 buttons in the bottom pane of the programs window:

File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-data-dvd.png Data DVD Use this to burn files and folders to a DVD .
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-data-cd.png Data CD Use this to burn files and folders to a CD.
File:Docs Drafts DesktopUserGuide Media gnomebaker-audio-cd.png Audio CD Use this to create an audio CD.
  • To burn a specific file to a CD, or DVD, click the Data CD, or Data DVD, action button, and then drag and drop the files, or entire folders, from the top pane into the bottom pane. You can also highlight the files, or folders, and click the [+Add] button to add them to the window.
  • To burn an ISO image file select Tools > Burn DVD Image from the top menu.
  • If the .iso file is for a CD, choose Burn CD Image.
  • Navigate to the image, select it, and click the OK button.
  • Click the [Start] button in the next window to confirm burning your disc image.
  • Follow these steps to create an Audio CD.

Making USB Media

A Live image (.iso) can be used in either a Windows or Linux system to make bootable USB media.

Note.png
USB Image Writing is Non-destructive
Any existing data on the media is not harmed. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.
Note.png
Unusual USB Media
In a few cases with oddly formatted or partitioned USB media, the image writing may fail.

USB Image Creation in Windows

  • Download the Windows liveusb-creator program at http://fedorahosted.org/liveusb-creator.
  • Follow the instructions given at the site and in the liveusb-creator program to create the bootable USB media.

To begin, make sure there is sufficient free space available on the USB media. There is no need to repartition or reformat your media. It is always a good idea to back up important data before performing sensitive disk operations.

USB media often comes in the form of flash devices sometimes called pen drives, thumb disks, or keys; or as an externally connected hard disk device. Almost all media of this type is formatted as a vfat file system. You can create bootable USB media on media formatted as ext2, ext3, or vfat.

USB Image Creation in Fedora

You can install liveusb-creater by clicking on System > Administration > Add/Remove Software, then search for liveusb-creator, and install. Or you can install the application from Terminal with the following command:

# yum install liveusb-creator

To open liveusb-creator click on Applications > System Tools > liveusb-creator.

  • Enter your password.
  • You have the option to Use existing Live CD, which allows you to choose an .iso file from your computer, or Download Fedora where you can choose a file from the drop-down menu.
  • You can select your Target Device, such as your USB memory stick, to write the file to.
  • The application also has an option to select how much Persistent Storage you want.
  • After you have made all of your choices just press the [Create Live USB] button to start the process.

Visit the liveusb-creater web page for more information.

Another option to create a USB Image is:

Important.png
Advanced Usage
This content is written for the more advanced user. It assumes that you are comfortable with the command line and have a relatively good knowledge of Linux terminology. It is probably not necessary to using Fedora as a desktop user, but can help a desktop user expand his or her knowledge base and face more complicated troubleshooting issues.
  • Install the livecd-tools package on your system with the following command:


 su -c 'yum -y install livecd-tools'


  • Plug in your USB media.
  • Find the device name for your USB media. If the media has a volume name, look up the name in /dev/disk/by-label, or use the findfs:
su -c 'findfs LABEL="MyLabel"'


  • If the media does not have a volume name, or you do not know it, consult the /var/log/messages log for details:
su -c 'less /var/log/messages'


  • Use the livecd-iso-to-disk command to write the ISO image to the media:
su -c 'livecd-iso-to-disk the_image.iso /dev/sdX1'

Replace sdX1 with the device name for the partition on the USB media. Most flash drives and external hard disks use only one partition. If you have changed this behavior or have oddly partitioned media, you may need to consult other sources of help.

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